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 How Do We Know There Is Only One God?
When we observe the laws of nature and the natural order of things, we are able to understand based on our observations that this order did not instill itself in creation accidentally. The mere fact that we are able to observe and recognize that there is order is evidence that both the observer and the order that is being observed were created by the same entity.
The interdependence of created things also indicates that there is a single God, or Creator. God tells us in the Qur'an that if there had been many Gods, they would have created chaos, each one creating according to its own personality, and objectives.
Even when we look to ourselves and observe how the body functions, each organ performing a specific tasks, while at the same time depending on the other and benefiting the other organs. The organs of the body are in complete harmony with one another, not competing and not conflicting. That billions of human beings share a similar anatomy, their individual organs performing identical functions, is also proof that we have a common Creator. In the Holy Qur'an, Chapter 6, verses 75-79 we find the story of the prophet Abraham and his discovery of the One True God. The Qur'an says:
So also did we show Abraham the kingdom of the heavens and the earth, that he might have certitude. When the night covered him over, he saw a star, Abraham said: This is my Lord. But when it sat, he said, I love not those that set. When he saw the moon rising in splendor He said, this is my Lord! But when the moon set, he said, Unless my Lord guide me, I shall surely be among those who go astray." When he saw the sun rising in splendor he, Abraham said, This is my Lord; this is the greatest of all. But when the sun set, he said, oh my people, I am indeed free from your guilt of giving partners to God. For me I have set my face firmly and truly towards Him who created the heavens and the earth, and never shall I give partners to God.
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